This study examined political attitudes and hierarchical interests between the pros and cons power of coinage through political situations and the purpose of coin circulation through a government-controlled store, based on the background of coinage in the early Koryo dynasty. The monetary policy in the reign of King Sungjong was a way to control economic flow of powerful clans or families by interfering and monitoring their economic area based on the centralization of power, and King Mokjong`s monetary policy was also promoted with such a basic intention. But, the policy didn`t work effectively because of the opposition from meritorious retainers, large powerful families, who had a strong landed power. The monetary policy in the reign of King Sukjong was also enforced for consolidation of Kingship by weakening the economic foundation of high-ranking officials coming of the nobility. But, the policy ended in failure by losing its supportive base due to the failure of the Yeojin conquest, with continuous opposition from high-ranking officials over the reign of King Sukjong and Yeajong. King Sungjong, Mokjong and Sukjong put coins in circulation through government-controlled stores, which was a way to check and control enormous economic interests of powerful families and the nobility who accumulated their wealth through private and overseas trade. Thus, the main intention of the circulation system was to check the economic flow of the nobility by keeping a certain level of circulation rather than an effective coin circulation. Especially, a tea shop and a liquor store in government-controlled stores were intended to find the temple power connected to powerful families or great merchants. The study shows that the monetary policy in the early Koryo dynasty was enforced to promote the consolidation of kingship by weakening the economic foundation of the nobility and temple power who built up their private wealth through trade and the collection system. While, governmental coinage was not much helpful for the governmental finance, as military expenses and finance required for the war against the invasion from the Kitan, Yeojin conquest, Namkyung or Southern Capital construction were made from the garrison farm and other financial-related policies.