Aims: The positivity of stemness markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been reported to have a correlation with aggressive tumor factors and poor survival. Additionally, the effectiveness of anatomical resection is still debate. We analyzed the effectiveness of anatomical resection in patients with HCC in aspect of CD 133 expression. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 94 patients who underwent liver resection from Mar. 2012 to Oct. 2015 by single surgeon. We investigated prognostic factors for recurrence. We analyzed effects of anatomical resection and CD 133 about recurrence. Results: Median alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is 10.3 (1.0-20290) ng/dl and prothrombin time induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) is 28 (8-37160) mAU/mL. Median tumor size is 2.5 (0.8-13) cm. 25 (26.6%) patients underwent non-anatomical resection and 69 (73.4%) patients underwent anatomical resection. CD 133 was found as positivity in 24 (26.4%) patients. Positron emission tomography (PET) positivity, satellite nodule, portal vein invasion and CD 133 positivity were significant prognostic factors for recurrence in multivariate analysis. Patients with CD 133 positive HCC showed more aggressive tumor factors and it did not show statistically significant difference. However, patients with CD 133 negative HCC showed poor disease free survival (DFS). Especially patients with CD 133 negative HCC who underwent non-anatomical resection, showed poor DFS (p=0.049). Conclusions: Liver resection for HCC has a critical limitation like as high recurrence rate. Especially, HCC with CD 133 positivity showed aggressive tumor factors. Although our study has some limitations like as small number of samples and short follow-up duration and then cannot show statistically significant difference, Anatomical resection may decrease recurrence rate, especially in patients with CD 133 positive HCC.